Test Measurement And Evaluation | Chapter 6 Notes 2024

Last updated on October 3rd, 2024 at 08:41 am

Test, Measurement & Evaluation

Test

A test is a tool to obtain individual or group data. It is intended to measure knowledge of what students have learned or what they know. It meets some requirements, such as validity and reliability.

Measurement

Measurement is the score that shows the size or amount of something. It is used to obtain information about the characteristics of students, such as their knowledge, skills, abilities, and interests.

Evaluation

Test and measurement are prerequisites for evaluation. The evaluation is the process that tells the worth or progress of the individual or group. It is a process of making judgments based on criteria and evidence.

Examples of Test, Measurement, and Evaluation

Test:
1. Achievement Test: A standardized exam to measure academic performance (e.g., SAT, ACT)
2. Personality Test: A questionnaire designed to assess personality traits (e.g., Myers-Briggs Type Indicator)
3. Intelligence Test: A cognitive ability test (e.g., IQ test)
4. Diagnostic Test: A medical test to identify a disease or condition

Measurement:
1. Measuring height: Using a ruler or measuring tape
2. Measuring temperature: Using a thermometer
3. Measuring weight: Using a scale
4. Measuring blood pressure: Using a blood pressure monitor

Evaluation:
1. Evaluating student performance: Analyzing test scores, class participation, and assignments
2. Evaluating the effectiveness of a new teaching method: Comparing student outcomes in experimental and control groups
3. Evaluating the quality of a product: Assessing customer satisfaction and product performance
4. Evaluating the impact of a social program: Measuring changes in outcomes for participants

Importance of Test, Measurement & Evaluation

Classification of sportsperson: The test helps to classify the sportsmen of various groups by testing their capacities and present level of fitness.

Selection of sportsperson: Tests are used to select participants for various categories of sports activities based on their selection criteria

Training effects: The progress of sports training and physical fitness programs can be evaluated with the help of scientific measurement and evaluation procedure

The individualization of the training program: The measurement and evaluation process helps to diagnose the weaknesses or needs of the students, based on this training schedule.

The motivation of sportsperson: Test, measurement, and evaluation are highly associated with the self-involvement of students. This creates interest among students and motivates them towards fitness programs.

To achieve goals and objectives specifically: It helps students to find out whether the specific goal and objectives have been achieved.

To study the development of a sportsperson: It helps to check the development of neuromuscular, interpretive, social, and emotional aspects of an individual.

To prepare standards and norms: The measurement and evaluation process is used to conduct standards or norms.

To predict performance: The evaluation process helps to predict future performance potential.

To compare and evaluate training methods: This enables the coach to compare different training methods suitable for different groups.

To conduct research work: Measurement and evaluation are very helpful to research work.

Calculation of BMI & Waist – Hip Ratio

Body Mass Index (BMI)

This fitness testing is used to measure body composition based on weight and height. BMI helps a person to know whether he is underweight, normal weight, or overweight. Accordingly, diet and workout can be done to gain or to reduce weight.

BMI is calculated by taking a person’s weight ( in kg and gram) and dividing it by height (meters and centimeters) square.

BMI = WEIGHT (in KG) ÷ ( HEIGHT × HEIGHT in meters)

BMI Chart:

Underweight: Less than 18.5
Healthy weight: 18.5 to 24.9
Overweight: 25 to 29.9
Class I obesity: 30 to 34.9
Class II obesity: 35 to 39.9
Class III obesity: More than 40

Evaluation: The higher the figure, the more overweight the person is. The lower the score, the normal weight a person possesses.

Waist Hip Ratio (WHR)

This is the ratio of the circumference of the waist to that of the hips. It is calculated by measuring the smaller circumference of the waist (above the navel) and dividing it by the hip circumference at the widest part of the buttocks or hip. It is a standardized measurement. The fat around the belly affects the function of the internal organs. Excess of fat may cause several diseases, e.g. Hypertension, Diabetes, etc.

WHR= Waist circumference  ÷ Hip circumference.

A high WHR often indicates central obesity, where excess fat accumulates around the waistline.

Health Risks: High WHR is associated with increased risks of:
Heart disease
Type 2 diabetes
Stroke
Certain types of cancer

Healthy WHR
Women: Generally, a WHR of 0.85 or lower is considered healthy.
Men: A WHR of 0.90 or lower is generally considered healthy.

If your waist measurement is 30 inches and your hip measurement is 36 inches, your WHR would be 30/36 = 0.83.
By understanding your WHR, you can make informed decisions about your health and lifestyle. If your WHR is higher than recommended, consider making lifestyle changes such as:

Eating a healthy diet
Regular exercise
Limiting alcohol consumption
Managing stress

SomatoTypes

(Endomorphy, Mesomorphy & Ectomorphy)  

Endomorphic

An endomorphic person is generally stocky with a large round body, short neck, short arms, and wide hips. They have plenty of fat all over their body. 

Their physical fitness level is low, related to speed and endurance, whereas they have massive strength. They are comfort-loving, peaceful, sociable, relaxed, and tolerant Personal. 

Mesomorphic

Mesomorphic persons are muscular with a broad chest, strong legs, and arms with medium height. These people have a lot of strength, speed, and flexibility. Also, have an attractive Personality. 

They are good for almost all kinds of activities. Their characters say that they are active, assertive, and competent persons. 

Ectomorphic

Ectomorphic people are very thin with slim faces, narrow shoulders, chests, and hips. They have less fat on their body. Ectomorph people have less strength, whereas they dominate in endurance activities.

Personality-wise they are quiet, sensitive, restrained, and non-assertive. They are very self-conscious, socially anxious, artistic, and thoughtful.

Measurement of Health-Related Fitness

Anthropometric Measurement 

It is the measurements of height, weight, arm, leg length, waist circumference, and skin folds of a different part of the body, etc.

Anthropometric measurements play an important role in the selection of activities. It is used for understanding human physical variation and attempting to correlate physical and psychological traits.

Height

Height must be measured using a stadiometer to the nearest half of a centimeter.

Weight:

A standard weighing machine should be used to measure weight. Measurement must be recorded to the nearest 0.1 kg.

Arm length:

Measurement should be done from the shoulder to the tip of the little finger.

Upper arm length: 

Measurement should be done from shoulder to elbow. Before measuring the arm should be bent 90 degrees at the elbow with the palm facing upwards.

Leg length:

Measurement should be done from the outside edge of the center of the foot to the upper edge of the hip.

Skinfold measurement for fat

• Arms (triceps) skin fold
• Subscapular skinfold
• Suprailiac skinfold
• Abdomen skinfold
• Thigh skinfold

Frequently Asked Questions

Test Measurement And Evaluation chapter 6 CBSE, class 11 Physical Education notes. This cbse Physical Education class 11 notes has a brief explanation of every topic that NCERT  syllabus has.

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